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LITERATURE

  • GEA MDI Splitting Process

    Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is an organic chemical which is one of the main components for the production of polyurethanes. Crude MDI is still only commercially produced via the phosgene route and contains three diisocyanate isomers, oligomeric polyisocyanates (tri,tetra,penta ,etc isocyanates), byproducts and impurities. The present market requires separate products or blends thereof to make polyurethanes with a wide range of properties. The MDI splitting plant is responsible ...

  • Three cost effective ways to strengthen trays against uplift

    Several common operating conditions cause tray damage, including high liquid levels, free water flashing at the bottom of the column, and excessive pressure drop. The result can be an expensive shutdown causing lost production and profit. Increasing tray thickness can be a first approach for strengthening the tray, but this can increase the material cost of the trays by 50% or more. Sulzer commonly uses three simple cost effective alternatives to increase tray strength in new ...

  • Designing deepcut vacuum units that really work

    Every barrel of vacuum gas oil (VGO) you can save from being reduced to coke in the delayed coker unit is a barrel more that can go to the FCCU. That’s a good reason to raise HVGO cutpoint. But how to do it? Some people think the job can be done just by running computer models in the engineering office, relying on vendors and their data sheets for a clue to true equipment performance. Experience, however, shows it just ain't so. For either a grass roots project or a revamp, ...

  • Proper design of mass transfer internals in the FCC flue gas scrubber can help reduce PM emissions

    The EPA’s New Source Performance Standards (40 C.F.R. §60.100-1-0, subpart Ja) regulates refinery particulate emissions, including the discharge of catalyst fines from the FCCU flue gas scrubber stack. Because refiners have traditionally correlated particulate matter (PM) emissions with FCCU cokeburn, high flue gas stack PM can result in reducing severity or throughput in the FCCU at a potentially huge economic cost. The proper selection of mass transfer internals in ...

  • Measuring the level of tower bottoms

    The level measurement in the bottom of any distillation column is a critical measurement task in refineries. Tower internals damage due to the failure of level control technologies for residual bottoms is one of the most common issues in refineries. However, this is not the only way that reliable bottoms level measurements can save costs and increase efficiency in the refining process. In the atmospheric distillation process as well as in vacuum distillation, crude oil is separated ...

  • Refinery applications with advanced mass transfer technology

    Sulzer Chemtech is the process engineering and equipment manufacturing division of the international Sulzer Corporation, with its headquarters in Winterthur, Switzerland. Areas of expertise include equipment and application know-how in separation and mixing technology. Products include trays, structured packing, and random packing for separation columns; internals for separators; fractional crystallization systems; and equipment for mixing and reaction processes. Leading in ...

  • Smart technology utilization in the refining & chemicals industry

    Over the years the field devices used in various process industries have changed from simple to more intelligent. Through the enhanced intelligent features, these smart field devices present process industries wide range of possibilities. Yet we find that the functionalities and benefits of smart technology are often not yet fully utilized. This is particularly the case when it comes to diagnostics features. We at Valmet hope to change all that. Discovering the reasons behind ...

  • LO-CAT® process for waste water treatment plants

    In 1980, Los Angeles began exploring alternatives to control the H2S concentration in the digester gas produced at the Hyperion Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP), which treats nearly 420 MGD, wastewater generating over 475 tons of raw sludge per day. The digester gas H2S concentration had to be controlled so that the SOX emissions from the on-site combustion of the gas could be kept within acceptable regulatory limits, allowing the gas to be burned on-site to generate steam for ...

  • Caustic tower revamp

    A customer contacted Sulzer to increase capacity while improving the CO2 removal in the existing CO2 absorption column of their ethylene plant. This was the third revamp for this particular column and continued improvements can be hard to find. A proper caustic tower design requires a proper understanding of CO2 absorption with caustic. CO2 + 2NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O Sulzer replaced the conventional random packing with NeXRing and modified the operating parameters to match the ...

  • Catalysts by Evonik

    Accelerating Your Chemistry. Catalytic processes take place behind the scenes, reducing activation energy and accelerating chemical reactions. Yet catalysts never appear in final products. This ability to reduce activation energy while remaining invisible is expressed by our Purple Box. Tailored Solutions Your goals, needs and wishes are unique, we'll develop the right solution for your process. Speed Time is of the essence for our customers, our teams react swiftly and ...

  • Avoid fired heater coking

    For many refiners, heater coking in Crude and Vacuum Distillation Units (CDU/VDUs) is a common occurrence. Many units around the world are shut down every two years, every year, or even every six months to deal with chronic heater coking. However, with the right design features driven by a solid understanding of heater coking mechanisms, fired heater run length can be extended beyond five years, even with relatively challenging crudes. The two primary drivers of heater tube ...

  • Are you ready for MARPOL?

    As the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has decided to implement the MARPOL Annex VI, all ships must globally reduce their emissions of sulfur by 86% before 2020. This fact is bound to have a huge impact on the shipping as well as the refinery industry. But exactly what will happen? What options are there? What are the opportunities? Who will seize them? And how?   The MARPOL directive presents great opportunities for refineries. Whether you want to produce MARPOL ...

  • VFF-NetBall®: High-performance in the shape of a ball

    The VFF-NetBall® a plastic random packing  has been devised by VFF's research and development division and sets new standards in absorption and desorption. Its favourable flow profile, combined with a high specific surface, offers top mass-transfer properties with an extremely high hydraulic load capacity and minimum pressure drop. Its specially designed net structure guarantees high mechanical stability and results in an optimum bed constitution.

  • Optimising the efficiency of shutdowns and turnarounds to improve processes

    Tracerco’s diagnostic techniques provide you with the invaluable insights you need to reduce your turnaround times and costs by identifying operational process problems and mechanical integrity of internals in real-time and whilst online. Tracerco’s level, density, interface and multiphase nucleonic instrumentation provides invaluable insights to help you make informed decisions to increase profits, manage risks and reduce costs. Making data-driven decisions can significantly ...

  • Decarbonizing process heat with industrial heat pumps and steam compressors

    Industrial energy consumption accounts for about 25% of energy demand and CO2 emissions worldwide, with process heat being the most common application. Hydrocarbon and basic chemical processing plants are particularly process heat-intensive. Heat demand for basic operations distillation and heating of fluids in US industry is about as energy intense as all other industrial heat applications combined. At the same time, there is a vast, unused potential for waste heat in many plant ...

  • Proven decarbonisation pathway for sustainable biofuels and chemicals production from waste

    The flexibility to make use of varying waste streams as feedstocks to replace primary fossil resources is a common goal in operations today. You may be looking at sources such as woody and agricultural biomass, MSW, RDF, SRF, sewage sludge, or non-recyclable plastic to produce bio or circular chemicals or sustainable fuels: Bio Syngas, green hydrogen, SAF, sustainable maritime fuels, or BioMethanol. The key question is how to decarbonize these assets to meet sustainability and ...

  • Introduction to Sinopec Steam Cracking Technology

    Sinopec has been committed to the development and application of steam cracking technology for almost 40 years, and has mastered advanced and complete ethylene technology which can process a variety of feedstocks, including CBL cracking furnace technology, 3 major ethylene recovery technologies (LECT, ART and AERP) and WAO. This webinar will introduce the technology and its applications, with an emphasis on how it can be applied in a variety of plants. By attending, you will ...

  • Introduction to the Sinopec Closed Coke Handling System

    The Sinopec Closed Coke Handling System (S-CCHS) is a safe and eco-friendly closed petroleum coke removal, conveying, and storage system with remote intelligent operation for pollution-free coke removal. This webinar will introduce the technology and its applications, with an emphasis on how it can be applied in your delayed coking unit operations. By attending, you will gain insights into: - Components and operation of the S-CCHS technology - How S-CCHS can eliminate ...

  • Innovative solutions to shape the hydrogen economy

    View this webinar for an insightful journey into the future of sustainable energy with Honeywell H₂ Solutions. In this exclusive webinar, we'll delve into cutting-edge innovations in hydrogen technology, focusing on Blue Hydrogen solutions and Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC). Attending will offer these valuable benefits: - Discover how Honeywell is leading the way in transforming the energy industry through Blue Hydrogen, a game-changing process that reduces carbon ...

  • Covering your streams with gas chromatography: Analytical technique and key applications

    Gas Chromatography is a critical part of any analytical lab in the refining process. It is such a standard that operators take for granted all the ways it is used. Join us as we will be touching on the importance of GC in the lab, what goes into selecting a unit, and three key applications seen in many labs: Refinery Gas Analysis, Group type Analysis with Reformulyzer pre-frac, and Simulated Distillation. In this webinar we will: - Give an overview of the importance of GC ...

  • Beyond processbook & PI vision: Exploring today’s industrial analytics tools

    In the Manufacturing 4.0 era, industrial organizations have more data at their fingertips than ever, offering the promise of higher production rates, more consistent quality, and reduced costs through data-driven strategies. Standing between many businesses and this promise of process optimization are questions surrounding the right tools to harness this data effectively – a choice complicated by the shifting status of longtime standard OSIsoft’s ProcessBook and PI Vision ...

  • Overcoming roadblocks to decarbonisation

    Reducing global CO2 emissions and limiting the increase in global average temperature to 1.5°C is probably the greatest challenge humanity has ever faced. The continuous increase in strength and frequency of natural disasters accompanied with record-high temperatures have drastically accelerated the need to take action to reduce our carbon impact. There is a global consensus between governments, companies, and the public that there is a need to decarbonise our societies and, ...

  • Biofilm: A hidden threat to refining and petrochemical operations

    Did you know that a seemingly insignificant amount of biofilm can negatively affect heat exchanger reliability and efficiency and, as a result, significantly limit production? Attend this webinar from Solenis to gain valuable insights into risks and solution methodologies for biofilm issues. • Learn how biofilm can affect your profitability and production efficiency • Explore novel technologies from Solenis that mitigate the risks posed by biofilm • Hear about a leading ...

  • Mission critical electric heat tracing solutions to support the energy transition

    Around the globe, clean fuels are helping reduce carbon emissions. And world leaders have pledged to invest in technologies such as carbon capture and hydrogen to help accelerate the clean energy transition. Biofuels, hydrogen, liquefied natural gas and carbon capture technologies are driving the transition to clean fuels and CO2 reduction. This webinar gives you the opportunity to learn how nVent RAYCHEM solutions for the energy transition markets can enable and optimize your ...

  • New digital tools to improve operational profitability in refineries

    View this webinar to learn how you can leverage new digital tools as part of the Honeywell UOP upgraded PremierPLUS Performance Services offering to avoid unplanned downtime, optimize process performance, manage personnel changes, and reduce energy and emissions. The PremierPLUS Performance Services offering addresses these challenges and can improve operational profitability by an average of $1M to $5M per year. Attending this webinar will give you an overview of Honeywell ...

  • Maximizing renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel yields with ISOTERRA Technology

    Investments in renewable diesel (RD) and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production are gaining considerable momentum and are expected to play a vital role in reducing carbon emissions for heavy-duty transportation. Currently, the majority of these projects focus on the production of HEFA (Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids). Chevron Lummus Global combines the renewable processing catalyst experience and technology of ART's ENDEAVOR™ catalyst system, CLG's hydroprocessing ...

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